Printable Muscles Sheet
Use this version as a scorecard for the muscles required for your Lab Exam. Specifically, the LOCATIONS and ACTIONS that are required are shown with the NVCC logo on the printout.
Origins and insertions will be very limited during Fall 2021.
Muscle 01 |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | A cutaneous muscle stretching over the forehead to the upper eyelid |
ACTION: | Draws back scalp, raises eyebrows, wrinkles the brows |
ORIGINS: | 2 bellies: aponeurosis and the region anterior to vertex (point of curvature) |
INSERTION: | Skin above the nose and the ears |
Muscle 02 |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Surrounds the rim of the orbit |
ACTION: | Blinking, squinting, closes eyes |
ORIGIN: | Frontal and Maxilla |
INSERTION: | Tissues of the eyelid |
Bone 03 NASAL BONE Enlarged Head (3) |
---|
Simply know as the inferior region of the nasal bone here |
Muscle 04 LEVATOR LABII SUPERIORIS See Enlarged Head |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Between the Orbicularis Oris and the lower eye margin |
ACTION: | Opens lips; furrows upper lip |
ORIGINS: | Zygomatic bone and the infraorbital margin of the Maxilla |
INSERTION: | Skin and muscle of the upper lip |
Muscle 05 ZYGOMATICUS MAJOR See Enlarged Head |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | From the Zygomatic arch to the corners of the mouth |
ACTIONS: | Draws angle of the mouth backwards and upwards; smiling |
ORIGIN: | Zygomatic bone in front of the temporal process |
INSERTION: | Angle of mouth |
Muscle 06 ORBICULARIS ORIS See Enlarged Head |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Multilayered Mostly surrounding the lips |
ACTIONS: | Purses and protrudes lips Kissing and whistling |
ORIGIN: | Indirectly from the Mandible and the Maxilla and other lip muscles |
INSERTIONS: | Encircles the mouth Inserts into muscle and skin at the angles of the mouth |
Muscle 07 DEPRESSOR ANGULI ORIS See Enlarged Head |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Present on both sides of the mouth |
ACTIONS: | Active during whole face frowning Depresses the corner(s) of the mouth |
ORIGIN: | Mandible |
INSERTION: | Angles (corners) of the mouth |
Muscle 08 TEMPORALIS See Enlarged Head |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Fan-shaped muscle Covers parts of the Temporal, Frontal and Parietal bones |
ACTIONS: | Closes jaw Elevates/retracts the Mandible A small region of this muscle can help to protract the Mandible |
ORIGIN: | Temporal fossa |
INSERTION: | Coronoid process of the Mandible via a tendon that passes deep to the Zygomatic arch |
Bone OA CRANIUM See Enlarged Head |
---|
This is bone. It is the portion of the skull that encloses the brain. The roof (cap) of the skull is referred to as the Calvarium. |
Muscle AA BUCCINATOR Swww Enlarged Head |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Main muscle of the cheek Thin/horizontal plane Deep to the Masseter |
ACTIONS: | Compression of the cheeks Holds food between the teeth while chewing |
ORIGIN: | Molar area of Maxilla and Mandible |
INSERTION: | Orbicularis Oris |
Muscle BB |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Strong muscle covering the lateral aspect of the Mandible (ramus) |
ACTIONS: | Elevates the Mandible Closes the jaw |
ORIGIN: | Zygomatic bone (arch) |
INSERTION: | Mandible (angle and ramus) |
Muscle 09 POSTERIOR AURICULAR Smaller Model on the Left |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Surrounds auricula (external outer ear) |
ACTION: | Draws auricle backwards |
ORIGIN: | Mastoid process |
INSERTION: | Cartilage of the ear |
Muscle 10 OCCIPITALIS Smaller Model on the Left |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Part of the Occipitofrontalis muscle which contains the Frontalis and Occipitalis portions (bellies). Both bellies are not seen in their entirety here |
ACTION: | Moves the scalp |
ORIGIN: | Occipital and Temporal bones |
INSERTION: | Aponeurosis (galea) |
Muscle 18 DELTOID Both Left and Right Full - Body models |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Thick rounded muscle forming shoulder mass |
ACTIONS: | Arm flexor Rotates arm medially Adducts arm When the Scapula is fixed, this muscle pulls the rib cage upwards Assists in throwing, pushing and forced inspiration |
ORIGINS: | Surrounds the insertion of the Trapezius and the
lateral third of the Clavicle Also: Scapula (acromion and spine) |
INSERTION: | Humerus (deltoid tuberosity) |
Muscle 18 DELTOID Both Left and Right Full - Body models |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Thick rounded muscle forming shoulder mass |
ACTIONS: | Arm flexor Rotates arm medially Adducts arm When the Scapula is fixed, this muscle pulls the rib cage upwards Assists in throwing, pushing and forced inspiration |
ORIGINS: | Surrounds the insertion of the Trapezius and the
lateral third of the Clavicle Also: Scapula (acromion and spine) |
INSERTION: | Humerus (deltoid tuberosity) |
Muscle 36 |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Most lateral muscle of the hamstrings group. This group also includes the Semintendinosus (37) and the Semimembranosis (not labeled) |
ACTIONS: | Extends thighs Flexes knee Laterally rotates the leg, especially when the knee is flexed |
ORIGINS: | Long
Head
:
Ischial Tuberosity Short Head : Distal Femur and Linea Aspera |
INSERTION: | A common tendon inserts into the Fibula (head) and the Tibia (lateral condyle) |
Muscle 40 SOLEUS Smaller Model on the Left |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Flat, broad muscle of the calf just below the Gastrocnemius |
ACTION: | Plantar flexes foot |
ORIGIN: | Fibula and Tibia; Popliteal fascia |
INSERTION: | Calcaneus by the Achilles tendon |
Tendon 41 CALCANEAL TENDON (Achilles tendon) Smaller Model on the Left |
|
---|---|
This tendon is an extension of the Gastrocnemius and Soleus muscles. It is believed to be the thickest and strongest tendon in the human body and is approximately 6 inches in length. It is inserted into the middle part of the posterior region of the Calcaneous (heel bone). |
Muscle 39 GASTROCNEMIUS Smaller Model on the Left |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Posterior leg (calf) Superficial pair of bellies |
ACTION: | Flexes the foot when the knee is extended Since it crosses the knee joint, it can flex the knee when the foot is dorsiflexed |
ORIGIN: | By two heads from lateral and medial condyles of the Femur |
INSERTION: | Posterior Calcaneous via the Calcaneal tendon |
Muscle 37 |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Medial to the Biceps Femoris Long, slender tendon begins approximately two-thirds of the way down the thigh |
ACTION: | Extends the thigh and flexes the knee Along with the Semimembranosus, medially rotates the leg |
ORIGIN: | Ischial Tubersosity which is also shared with the long head of the Biceps Femoris |
INSERTION: | Medial region of the upper tibial shaft |
Muscle 17 GLUTEUS MAXIMUS Smaller Model on the Left |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Forms the bulk of the buttock mass |
ACTION: | Major extensor of the thigh |
ORIGIN: | Dorsal ilium, sacrum and coccyx |
INSERTION: | Femur (Gluteal tuberosity) Iliotibial Tract (IT) |
TENSOR FASCIA LATA Smaller Model on the Left (No Number) |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Anterolateral aspect of the thigh |
ACTION: | Flexes, rotates the thigh medially |
ORIGIN: | Anterior region of the Iliac crest and the anterior superior Iliac spine |
INSERTION: | Iliotibial (IT) band of the Fascia Lata |
Muscle 16 LATISSIMUS DORSI Smaller Model on the Left |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Literally: broadest muscle of the back Dorso-lateral to the trunk of the body Posterior to the arm Covered by the Trapezius superiorly Contributes to the posterior wall of the axilla |
ACTION: | Adducts, extends and rotates the Humerus medially Bringing the arm down in a power stroke Examples : Striking a blow, hammering, swimming and rowing |
ORIGIN: | Lower Thoracic vertebrae spines Indirectly via fascia to the Lumbar and the Sacral vertebrae |
INSERTION: | Humerus (floor of the intertubercular sulcus) |
Muscle 14 TRAPEZIUS Smaller Model on the Left |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Flat and triangular; mid - upper back |
ACTION: | Stabilizes, raises, retracts and rotates the Scapula |
ORIGIN: | Occipital bone, spinous processes of C-7 and all thoracic vertebrae |
INSERTION: | Continuous insertion along the Scapula (Acromion and Spine) Lateral third of the Clavicle |
Muscle 15 INFRASPINATUS Smaller Model on the Left |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Trapezoidal and flat along the lower Scapula |
ACTION: | Laterally rotates the arm at the shoulder |
ORIGIN: | Scapula (infraspinous fossa) |
INSERTION: | Humerus
: middle of the greater tubercle |
Muscle 24 TRICEPS BRACHII Smaller Model on the Left |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Posterior compartment of the arm |
ACTION: | Extends the arm at the shoulder Extends the forearm at the elbow |
ORIGIN: | Three-headed at: Scapula (infraglenoid tubercle) Humerus |
INSERTION: | By a common tendon to the Ulna (posterior process of olecranon) |
"IT" ILIOTIBIAL TRACT (or band
) Smaller Model on the Left (Grey box, no number) |
|
---|---|
This is a thickened lateral portion of the Fascia Lata (fascia that ensheathes all the muscles of the thigh). Extends as a tendinous band from the iliac crest to the knee; Extension of the Tensor Fascia Lata muscle |
Muscle 11 STERNOCLEIDOMASTOID Large Model on the right |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Neck |
ACTION: | Flexes and rotates the head Flexes the head towards the shoulders |
ORIGIN: | Manubrium and the Clavicle |
INSERTION: | Temporal bone (Mastoid Process) |
Muscle 12 SCALENI MUSCLES Large Model on the right |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Four (4) of these muscles:
Scalene Scalene anterior Scalene middle Scalene posterior |
ACTION: | Flexion and rotation of the Cervical Vertebrae |
ORIGIN: | Transverse processes of various Cervical Vertebrae |
INSERTION: | Various ribs and Vertebrae |
Muscle 20 PECTORALIS MAJOR Large Model on the right |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Chest; upper/axillary (anterior) |
ACTION: | Arm flexion; medial rotation; Forced inspiration; Rib cage elevation |
ORIGIN: | Clavicle and Sternum; Cartilages of Ribs 1 - 6 |
INSERTION: | Humerus (Greater Tubercle) |
Muscle 25 BICEPS BRACHII Large Model on the right |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Arm (two heads) |
ACTION: | Flexes elbow joint; Rotates hand laterally |
ORIGIN: | Scapula: Short: Coracoid process Long: Glenoid cavity |
INSERTION: | Radius: Radial Tuberosity |
Muscle 26 EXTENSOR CARPI RADIALIS LONGUS Large Model on the right |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Lateral side of the Humerus |
ACTION: | Extends and abducts hand at the wrist |
ORIGIN: | Humerus (Lateral Epicondlye) |
INSERTION: | Base of the 2nd Metacarpal (dorsal) |
Muscle 27 EXTENSOR DIGITORUM Large Model on the right |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Lateral side of the Humerus |
ACTION: | Extends wrist and fingers; Middle Phalanx of fingers 2 - 5 |
ORIGIN: | Humerus (Lateral Epicondyle) |
INSERTION: | Distal Phalanges 2-5 |
Muscle 19 SERRATUS ANTERIOR Large Model on the right |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Adjacent to the Thoracic wall |
ACTION: | Abducts (protracts) the Scapula; Rotates the Scapula upwards while abducting the Arm Holds Scapula to the Chest wall |
ORIGIN: | Anterior surfaces of the first 8 ribs |
INSERTION: | Scapula:
anterior surface and the medial border |
Muscle 21 EXTERNAL OBLIQUE Large Model on the right |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Anterior and lateral abdominal wall |
ACTION: | Flexes the vertebral column |
ORIGIN: | Lower 8 Ribs |
INSERTION: | Pubic Crest and the Iliac Crest |
Muscle 30 BRACHIORADIALIS Large Model on the right |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Lateral region on the Lower Arm |
ACTION: | Flexes the forearm at the elbow |
ORIGIN: | Humerus
: Lateral Supracondyle ridge |
INSERTION: | Radius (Styloid Process) |
Muscle 29 EXTENSOR POLLICIS BREVIS Large Model on the right |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Triangular in shape; Wraps around the lower Radius |
ACTION: | Aids in abducting and extending the thumb |
ORIGIN: | Radius (dorsal side) |
INSERTION: | Proximal phalanx of the Thumb |
Muscle 31 SARTORIUS Large Model on the right |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Straplike; Longest muscle in humans ; Runs obliquely across the anterior surface of the Thigh to the Knee |
ACTION: | Flexes the Thigh, Flexes the Knee; Abducts, laterally Rotates the Thigh; Cross - legged position |
ORIGIN: | Anterior Superior Iliac Spine |
INSERTION: | Medial aspects of the Knee Medial aspect of the proximal Tibia |
Muscle 33 PECTINEAL Large Model on the right |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Short/flat; overlies adductor brevis |
ACTION: | Adducts, flexes and medially rotates the Thigh |
ORIGIN: | Pubis and Superior Ramus |
INSERTION: | Femur (posterior aspect); Runs inferiorly from the Lesser Trochanter to the Linea Aspera |
Muscle 32 |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Part of the Quadriceps group; Thigh : anterior aspect |
ACTION: | Flexes Thigh at the Hip; Extends Knee |
ORIGIN: | Acetabulum: (superior margin); Anterior Inferior Iliac Spine |
INSERTION: | Patellar and Tibial Tuberosity via the Patellar Ligament |
Muscle 35 ADDUCTOR LONGUS Large Model on the right |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Medial aspect of the Thigh |
ACTION: | Flexes the Thigh; Abducts the Thigh; Medially Rotates the Thigh |
ORIGIN: | Pubis (near Pubis Symphysis) |
INSERTION: | Linea Aspera |
Muscle 34 GRACILIS Large Model on the right |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Long/thin on the Thigh (medial) |
ACTION: | Adducts the Thigh; Flexes and Medially Rotates the Leg |
ORIGIN: | Pubis (body and Inferior Ramus) |
INSERTION: | Tibia (Medial surface) Inferior to the Medial Condyle |
No Number Members of the Quadriceps group
:
|
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Part of the Quadriceps group; Thigh : medial - region |
ACTION: | Extends the Knee |
ORIGIN: | Linea Aspera |
INSERTION: | Same as Rectus Femoris:
Patellar and Tibial Tuberosity via the Patellar Ligament |
Quadriceps
Group
:
|
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Part of the Quadriceps group; Thigh : lateral - region |
ACTION: | Extends and stabilizes the Knee |
ORIGIN: | Femur (Greater Trochanter) Linea Aspera |
INSERTION: | Same as Rectus Femoris:
Patellar and Tibial Tuberosity via the Patellar Ligament |
TIBIALIS ANTERIOR Large Model on the right (43) |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Anterior Leg |
ACTION: | Dorsiflexion and Foot inversion |
ORIGIN: | Tibia (Lateral condyle/upper shaft) |
INSERTION: | First Metatarsal bone (via tendon) |
GASTROCNEMIUS Large Model on the right (39) |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Proximal curve of the Calf; Two (2) prominent bellies |
ACTION: | Flexes the foot when the Knee is extended Since it crosses the knee joint, it can flex the knee when the foot is dorsiflexed |
ORIGIN: | By two heads from lateral and medial condyles of the Femur |
INSERTION: | Posterior Calcaneous via the Calcaneal tendon |
Muscle 42 EXTENSOR DIGITORUM LONGUS Large Model on the right |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Anterolateral surface of the Leg |
ACTION: | Toe extension; dorsiflexes Foot |
ORIGIN: | Tibia (Later Condyle); Fibula (Proximal Shaft) |
INSERTION: | Middle/Distal Phalanges; Toes 2 - 5 |
Muscle 22 RECTUS ABDOMINIS Large Model on the right |
|
---|---|
LOCATION: | Extends from the Pubis to the Rib Cage; Ensheathed by Aponeuroses of the adjacent lateral muscles |
ACTION: | Flex and Rotate the Lumbar region of the Vertebral Column; Increase intra-abdominal pressure; Used during sit-ups |
ORIGIN: | Pubis (Crest and Symphysis) |
INSERTION: | Xiphoid Process; Costal cartilages of Ribs 5 - 7 |
A Special Thanks to NVCC student Catherine ("Cait") Martello
for her invaluable proofreading and suggestions.